Josep Tarradellas Barcelona-El Prat is 15 km south-west of the city and split between a large modern T1 and the older T2, which still handles Ryanair and several other low-cost carriers. Vueling bases most of its fleet here, and the airport mixes dense intra-European flying with long-haul to the Americas and the Gulf. The terminals are linked only by shuttle bus, and the two close-parallel runways lose capacity quickly in strong winds or low visibility.
Barcelona departures are covered by EC 261/2004 whoever operates the flight: €250, €400 or €600 by distance for arrival delays of three hours or more, with cancellations adding a refund or re-routing at the earliest opportunity. Compensation is per passenger, so a family of four on the same disrupted flight claims four times over, and children with their own seat count. Being re-routed the next morning does not remove the entitlement; it only reduces it if you arrive within the short re-routing windows the regulation sets out.
T1 and T2 are far apart at El Prat, so if you are rebooked onto a different carrier, confirm the terminal and allow 20 minutes for the free shuttle. Save the text or email that announced the cancellation, because its timestamp decides whether the airline gave you the 14 days' notice that removes compensation. For claims against Vueling and other Spanish carriers, write in Spanish or English and keep the case reference for AESA.

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